獨立性 Uniqueness:

功效 Purpose:

驅蚊、昆蟲、蟻、蚤。 Mosquito, insect, ant, flea repellents.

成份 Ingredients:

Lemongrass Essential Oil ( Cymbopogon citratus ) Pennyroyal Essential Oil ( Mentha puleglum ) Citronella Essential Oil ( Cymbopagon nardus ) Lavender Essential Oil ( Lavandula officinalis) Base: Catnip ( Nepeta cataria ) in Olive Oil & Distilled Water base, Emusifier.

詳細內容 Descriptions:

Entomologist Chris Peterson, Ph.D., with Joel Coats, Ph.D., chair of the university's entomology department, led the effort to test catnip's ability to repel mosquitoes. Peterson, a former post-doctoral research associate at the school, is now with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Wood Products Insects Research Unit, in Starkville, Miss. Peterson says nepetalactone is about 10 times more effective than DEET because it takes about one-tenth as much nepetalactone as DEET to have the same effect. Catnip oil (nepetalactone), Pennyroyal oil (known to repel biting insects), Lemongrass oil and Citronella Oil used to keep the product on the skin for up to 8 hours. DEET是美國最普遍的化學驅蚊、蟲劑，高份量使用可能有頭痛、軟弱、疲倦、肌肉痛、顫動及縮短呼吸等不良反應。 除蟲菊酯Pyrethroids是人功化合物，不但驅蚊、蟲，還把它們殺死。一些除蟲菊酯含有致癌物質及有可能引致內分泌系統失調。皮膚接觸後有可能引致水泡及痕癢，吸入後可引致咳嗽、心胸痛、呼吸困難、哮喘發作等。高份量吸收更引致頭暈、知覺失調、大笑、人事不省等。 DEET及除蟲菊酯雖被美國環保局所批准使用，但西北另類殺蟲劑聯會卻絕不建議使用DEET及除蟲菊酯，它們建議使用其它天然的物料。 Oil of Citronella has been used for over 50 years on humans and their clothing to repel insects including mosquitoes, insect, flea, fly even as an animal repellent. It can last around an hour to protect people against mosquito bites. Natural Insect Repellent All-Natural Protection Pleasant Citrus Scent Quick Drying/Non-Sticky Don't let a swarm of hungry mosquitoes ruin an evening of summer fun. NOW Bug Ban is an all natural insect repellent that helps prevent insect bites without the harsh chemicals found in many of today's popular, commercial formulas. By uniting essential oil extracts from Citronella, Lemongrass, Rosemary and Thyme, NOW Bug Ban offers sound, long-lasting protection against some of today's most annoying winged intruders. Bug Ban contains compounds that have been shown effective in preventing insect bites, and is safe for users of all ages. Use as directed. DEET (diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) is the most widely used insect repellent in the United States today. Adverse reactions to high concentrations include memory loss, headache, weakness, fatigue, muscle pain, tremors and shortness of breath. DEET also can melt plastic. Pyrethroids are synthetic compounds that don’t just repel but kill insects. Synthetic pyrethroids some are carcinogens and suspected endocrine disruptors. Skin contact can cause blisters and itching. Inhaling pyrethroids can cause coughing, chest pain or breathing difficulties, including acute asthma attacks. High levels can cause dizziness, changes in awareness, convulsions and unconsciousness. Both DEET and pyrethroids are considered safe by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). But the Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides (NCAP) doesn’t recommend using DEET or pyrethroids at all. NCAP suggests choosing natural repellents made from plant extracts. DEET has been proven to enter the bloodstream through application to the skin, and while many people use DEET-based products without incident, others have suffered side-effects ranging from rashes and hives to uncontrollable twitching and muscle spasms to death. Children seem especially susceptible to DEET problems. In 1995 alone, the National Poison Control Center in Washington, DC. received over 6,700 reports of repellent exposure, including one death, and of the 6,700 reports, two thirds occurred in children age six and under.

DEET

DEET is one of the most widely used chemicals as a mosquito repellent. While the use of DEET in lower concentrations is considered safe, when used in concentrations greater than 50 percent, DEET can produce skin irritation. Eye irritation is also common. DEET also will penetrate skin and can, in rare instances, affect the central nervous system. In some individuals, slurred speech, confusion and seizures have occurred. These symptoms are most commonly associated with long-term, excessive exposure or improper use.

Permethrin

Permethrin is another repellent intended for treating clothing and other items, such as tents, sleeping bags and other gear made of fabric. Permethrin can cause eye irritation. While pyrethroid chemicals directly affect the nervous system of insects, it is not certain how these chemicals will affect humans, so care should be taken to follow the directions carefully. The Environmental Protection Agency has also classified permethrin as "likely to be carcinogenic to humans" if ingested.

P-mentane-3,8-diol

P-menthane-3,8-diol may have some associated health hazards. The Environmental Protection Agency has found that long-term skin exposure produces microscopic kidney lesions as well as skin redness and swelling. Canada's Pest Management Regulatory Agency states that one study found p-menthane-3,8-diol may cause genetic damage.

Metofluthrin

While the California Department of Pesticide Regulation Report 2007-6 indicates that there was a possible increase in liver tumors and liver necrosis in rat and mice toxicity studies, the Environmental Protection Agency has cleared Metofluthrin as safe, when properly used.

用法指引 Directions:

需要時噴兩至三下於皮膚或衣衫不同部位上。 Spray a few times as needed on different location of skin or clothes.

備註 Remarks: